For a novice, a bike store can be overwhelming, and I'm just talking about specialty clothing, not to mention tools and components. Do I really need a fancy jersey, biking gloves, spandex shorts and special socks? The answer for most people is no, but it's not as simple as that.
In his 2012 book,
Just Ride, Grant Petersen faults the bike racing community for making things way too complicated for the average rider. To enjoy bikes the way we did as kids, he argues, we need to think like an "Unracer." As for cycling clothes, you don't need to resemble a racer to enjoy riding your bike.
Personally, riding around town on my usual errands - library, grocery store, pharmacy - whatever clothes makes sense for the weather keeps me comfortable. I ride a mile or two and lock up my bike. I hop back on and ride another mile, then off and lock. I mount for the last time and head home. Perhaps I've covered 3 miles, maybe 5, but certainly not any long distance and in short intervals.
For my fitness rides, however, covering 8-10 miles and beyond, everyday clothes don't cut it. The cotton t-shirt doesn't wick away sweat, the seam up the center of my pants rubs me in an uncomfortable spot, and my bare hands grow numb from road vibrations. That's when a cycling "kit" - jersey, padded shorts, etc. - is a good thing to own.
My spandex pants - shorts in summer, ankle-length in the cold - work hard for me. The material minimizes any thigh chafing while pumping the pedals. At a cadence of 80-90 times per minute, each thigh rubs the neck of a bike seat 80-90 times. Over 30 minutes, that's 2400-2700 rubs! Padding inside the shorts cushions any rear end rocking motion as your leg extends on each pedal stroke. While tight-fitting pants don't offer pocket storage, they are more aerodynamic and don't get caught in your bike chain.
My bike jersey also keeps me comfortable, with fabric that wicks away moisture. Mine are 100% polyester, but more technical fabrics are available. Located over my kidneys, the side rear pockets are easily accessible with either hand and are roomy enough for a cell phone or a quick snack. The middle pocket is a bonus. A zippered front allows for more air circulation when cooling is needed, like up a long climb or when hot, humid weather gets intense.